PKD1 and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: In South Africa, the 3′ region of PKD1 mutation is the molecular genetic basis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) associated with polycystin-1 and polycystin-2 dysfunction implicated in tubulogenesis changes reported in South Africa, Tunisia, Senegal, Sudan, and Congo [48].