Chronic toxoplasmosis was suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) due to the correlation between the state of insulin resistance in T2D and the elevated levels of circulating inflammatory cytokines including IL-2,4; IL-6,5; IL-12,6; TNF; and IFN [48]. The gene discussed is IFNA1; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.