TNF and cancer: In a recent retrospective study by Hong et al. [31] including 390 IBD patients with a diagnosis of cancer after diagnosis of IBD, the subsequent cancer rate per 100 p-y for USK was 3.0 (2 patients amongst 14 exposed to USK), and it was not statistically different from patients exposed to VDZ, anti-TNFα, IMM, or no therapy (p = 0.41).