OTUD7B and breast carcinoma: Notably, OTUD7B-induced cleavage of K63-linked chains on GβL does not affect GβL’s protein stability, but rather shifts GβL from mTORC1 to mTORC2, leading to subsequent mTORC2 activation [19], antagonizes APC/C-mediated K11-linked substrate ubiquitination and proteolysis [21], deubiquitinates LSD1 to regulate its binding with co-REST and genome-wide occupancy to fuel breast cancer metastasis [22], stabilizes ERα to promote breast cancer progression [23], and also regulates HIF-1a homeostasis in a proteasome-independent manner in renal cancer [24].