A proliferation assay showed that the DDT knockdown cancer cells had a 50% reduction in proliferation in monolayer conditions due to increased doubling times (control: 45 h, DDT knockdown: 52 h, MIF knockdown: 55 h, and MIF/DDT knockdown: 68 h), with the double knockout group being the one with the greatest increase [77]. Here, MIF is linked to cancer.