The SOD1-ALS pathway molecules such as BAD, ALS2, NOS2, BAX, NOS1, FUS, OPTN, VAPB, PRPH, SOD1, CASP3, VCP (valosin-containing protein), TUBA1A, BCL2L1, BCL2, GRIN1, DCTN1, GPX3, and NEFL play a critical role in the development of SOD1-induced ALS (Figure S2) and neurodegeneration (Figure S3). Here, VAPB is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.