IL-8 is an important chemokine involved in neutrophil recruitment during the acute inflammatory response, which plays similar roles in humans and mice; in particular, IL-8 (also called CXCL-8) has important functions as a chemotactic factor by attracting neutrophils, basophils and T-cells to clear pathogens and protect the host from infection during inflammation in humans [55,56]. The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is infection.