For example, while TGF-β1 production is reduced in some autoimmune diseases, it is increased in many pathological conditions, including pulmonary fibrosis, glomerulosclerosis, renal interstitial fibrosis, cirrhosis, Crohn’s disease, cardiomyopathy, scleroderma, and chronic graft-versus-host disease [1]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to cardiomyopathy.