TGFB1 and prostate cancer: Conversely, Yang and colleagues have shown that tumor burden is reduced when LNCaP prostate cancer cells are co-inoculated with either TGFβR2-null or dominant negative SMAD3 stromal cells into mice, associated with a reduction in micro-vessel density, depletion of FGF2-positive cells and attenuated TGFβ signaling in the stroma [104].