ACTA1 and prostate cancer: Additionally, αSMA+/PDGFRβ+ CAFs have also been shown to desensitize prostate cancer cells to the multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor sorafenib by mediating ERK phosphorylation/activity in prostate cancer cell lines (22Rv1, PC-3), increasing their ability to evade sorafenib-induced apoptosis and permit drug-resistant growth [297].