AGER and Alzheimer disease: In AD mice, Hes reduces ROS, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonyl, while increasing heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), SOD, CAT, and GPx activities via activation of the Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway and the inhibition of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE)/NF-κB signaling pathway.