In terms of α-carotene and β-carotene, it has been observed that streptozotocin-induced AD mice receiving β-carotene show better cognitive function and a reduced Aβ pathology, thanks to a diminished OS and the reduced activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), one of the most relevant proteins involved in AD [45]. This evidence concerns the gene ACHE and Alzheimer disease.