NFE2L2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: We have previously shown that Nrf2 activity is enhanced after sulforaphane treatment in arteries from type 2 diabetic Goto-kakizaki rats [22]; therefore, we compared Nrf2 ARE-binding activity in the aorta and mesenteric arteries of W control and WHFDS rats: in both arteries, Nrf2 activity was significantly decreased in the WHFDS rats compared to the controls, and treatment with CN upregulated Nrf2 activity (Figure 5B,E).