TNF and melanoma: In different models of breast cancer and melanoma, it has been observed that GK-1 has an antitumor effect decreasing angiogenesis, metastasis, as well as tumor growth, which has been related to the modulation of different factors such as the decrease of different cytokines associated with malignancy such as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) or chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 (CXCL9), increasing interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-12 levels [5].