IL1B and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Overall, these findings are in agreement with previous studies using budesonide [70, 71] or other ICS [72, 73] and suggest that ICS treatment decreases lung tumor development in mice and might reduce the risk of developing LC in asthmatic and COPD patients, at least in part, by inhibiting the NLRP3/IL-1β signaling pathway in lung macrophages.