CCN3 and congenital bilateral aplasia of vas deferens from CFTR mutation: To further understand which cell type was mainly affected under myeloid CCN3 deficiencied internal environment on the calcified aortic valves, we performed colocalization immunostaining studies on aortic valves from both control and Mye-CCN3-KO mice from CAVD experiments as described above (Additional file 1: Fig. S1).