When the cut-off value was determined as the mean intensity + 3 standard deviations (SDs) in the healthy control group, the anti-BACH1 autoantibody-positive percentage was 2.5% (3/122) in healthy controls, 24.8% (30/128) in ESCC patients, 12.8% (5/39) in early-stage ESCC patients, 12% (6/50) in ESCC patients without lymph node metastasis and 30.8% (24/78) in ESCC patients with lymph node metastasis (Supplementary Table S8). This evidence concerns the gene BACH1 and metastatic malignant neoplasm in the lymph nodes.