The World Health Organisation (WHO) has updated the classification system of RCC in 2022, distinguishing subtypes on the basis of both morphological appearance as well as underlying molecular aberrations (e.g., TFE3 and ALK-rearranged RCC, SMARCB1-deficient medullary-like RCC), thus offering an integrated approach to characterizing tumour subtypes [5]. The gene discussed is TFE3; the disease is renal cell carcinoma.