CD4 and neoplasm: Our analysis detected 19 cell clusters in para-cancerous tissue, including 2 clusters of CD4+ T cells (CD3+, CD4+; clusters 3, 19), 10 clusters of CD8+ cells (CD3+, CD8+; clusters 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 13, 17), 1 cluster of B cells (CD19+, CD20+; cluster 14), 1 cluster of tumor-associated macrophages (CD3-, CD14+, HLA-DR, CD163+, CD206+; cluster 10), 1 cluster of tumor-associated neutrophils (CD3-,CD66b+; cluster 16), and 4 cell clusters that could not be fully classified (clusters 7, 12, 15, 18; Figure 8A–D).