After treating diabetic rats with P2X7 shRNA and Schisandrin B, the abnormal TP, TLF, LF, HF, and LF/HF were alleviated, suggesting that the P2X7 receptor mediates the pathogenesis of diabetic autonomic neuropathy, and that administration of Schisandrin B may relieve DCAN by inhibiting P2X7 receptor expression. This evidence concerns the gene P2RX7 and diabetic autonomic neuropathy.