P-NfM/H immunoreactivity was higher in deep compared to superficial cortical layers in all groups (controls: + 38% compared to superficial layers, P < 0.001; PD: + 22%, P < 0.001; PDD/DLB: + 23%, P < 0.001), while NfL immunoreactivity showed the opposite, being more abundant in superficial than in deep cortical layers in all groups (controls: + 26% compared to deep layers, P < 0.001; PD: + 27%, P < 0.001; PDD/DLB: + 21%, P = 0.003). The gene discussed is NEFM; the disease is Lewy body dementia.