In such study using insulin mimotopes, CD4+ T cells from both control and T1D donors generated IFN-γ+ spots.66 However, the CD4+ T cells from control donors produced IL-10+ spots more frequently than those from T1D donors,66 indicating that differences in phenotypes may be discernable to ascertain the relevance of certain antigen specificities. Here, INS is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.