It is intriguing to speculate that the beneficial results of IL-1β neutralization in the treatment of atherosclerosis in the CANTOS trial16 could, in part, be attributed to blockade of trained myelopoiesis in the bone marrow, in other words, atherosclerosis might also be exacerbated by a maladaptively trained bone marrow. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and atherosclerosis.