ELISA results showed that (Figure 3e,f) the IL‐1β and TNF‐α levels in the COPD + AS group significantly increased compared to those in the AS group, and the TXL + Ato group showed significantly decreased IL‐1β and TNF‐α levels compared to the TXL and Ato groups. This evidence concerns the gene TXNL1 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.