BRAF and metastatic melanoma: These novel therapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) (nivolumab and atezolizumab) and targeted treatments (dabrafenib, vemurafenib, and encorafenib as BRAF inhibitors and trametinib, cobimetinib, and binimetinib as MEK inhibitors), were approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in recent years and have significantly improved the treatment landscape for metastatic melanoma [8–11].