CEACAM5 and neoplasm: We recruited 11 clinical factors, including age, sex, smoking status, tumor size, differentiation, Borrmann type, location, clinical T stage, and serum tumor markers (STMs) comprising carbohydrate antigen 19–9 (CA19-9), carbohydrate antigen 72–4 (CA72-4), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), to develop the radiomics nomogram.