Considering the most frequent entities, such as peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS), angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL), and ALK-negative ALCL, the common first-line treatment for advanced-stage disease is based on cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone, (CHOP) with or without etoposide (CHOEP), usually followed by consolidation with high dose chemotherapy (HDT) and autologous stem cell transplantation (auto-SCT), in patients aged less than 65 years [2–4]. The gene discussed is ALK; the disease is mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.