ARFGEF1 and polycystic ovary syndrome: The DEGs involved in this pathway are Arfgef1, Ogt, Ogdh, and Actn3. In the peripubertal androgenized model, metabolism is significantly reduced and the expression of DEGs involved in steroid pathway like Yap1, linked to PCOS susceptible gene loci identified from GWAS; Sirt1 in regulation of systemic energy and steroid hormone homeostasis are also decreased (Fig. 5c, Supplementary Data 3).