WNT3A and pulpitis: Fig. 5b shows that the expression of Wnt3a was down-regulated significantly after pulpitis modeling, but PAV treatment reversed the situation with dose dependence. In addition, thepβ--catenin/β-catenin ratio exhibited a similar trend to Wnt3a (Fig. 5c). On the contrary, compared with the control group, the p-GSK3β/GSK3β ratio of the model group showed a significantly higher level, and it decreased after PAV treatment. Furthermore, 80 mg/kg PAV had the most down regulation (Fig. 5d).