The neurogenesis and directed differentiation of endogenous NSCs also contribute to self-repair after neuronal loss.780,781 BDNF can promote the proliferation of NSCs to enhance neural repair.782 Our laboratory proposed a strategy to increase the concentration of BDNF in AD lesions by transplanting exogenous NSCs, thus promoting the proliferation of endogenous NSCs.296 The key to determining the therapeutic effect is inhibiting NSC differentiation and enhancing BDNF secretion from transplanted NSCs. The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is Alzheimer disease.