In solid cancer patients, the cancer antigen interaction network includes CTAG1B, MAGEB2, MAGEC2 and SSX1; another network includes cell surface proteins such as CD44, CD276, ITGA2 and NT5E, extracellular matrix protein FN1, PLAU (urokinase) and growth factor VEGFA, associated with short overall survival, immune inhibition, metastasis, cell proliferation and tumour growth [99–105]. Here, PLAU is linked to neoplasm.