AKT1 and neoplasm: Next, we looked for genes upstream of the PI3K/AKT pathway, which was associated with tumor-stroma interactions (Figure 5B) and could be activated through phosphatidylinositol (3, 4, 5)-triphosphate (PIP3) activation by hepatocyte growth factor–like (HGF-like) and epidermal growth factor–like (EGF-like) ligands in parallel.