So far, three ICIs have been approved by the United States (U.S.)FDA as single agents for the treatment of advanced NSCLC: two anti-PD1 (Programmed Cell Death Protein 1) antibodies, pembrolizumab based on the KEYNOTE-024 trial [10, 11] and cemiplimab based on the EMPOWER-Lung 1 trial [12], and one anti-PD-L1 antibody atezolimab based on the IMpower 110 trial [13]. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.