Indeed, the reduced level of CAIII observed in visceral AT in obesity, and after adipogenesis induced in vitro in the presence of ACC cells, may suggest that a block in early phases of adipogenesis and in CAIII activity may characterize the metabolic alterations shared by the adipose cells in obesity and in ACC microenvironment. The gene discussed is CA3; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.