The deubiquitinating enzyme A20 reduces the extent of TLR signaling-induced K63-linked Beclin1 ubiquitination.143 Interestingly, autophagy induction contributes to TLR4- and TLR3-triggered progression of lung cancer cells through TRAF6 ubiquitination.144 In contrast, peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1), an antioxidant protein, counteracts TRAF6-dependent Beclin1 ubiquitination induced by TLR4 stimulation. The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is lung carcinoma.