By deacetylating LC3, the interplay between LC3 and ATG3 is strengthened, assisting autophagy-p62-mediated phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) degradation and accelerating liver cancer occurrence.129 Autophagy prompted by stabilized SIRT1-induced ATG5 and ATG7 protein deacetylation causes chemoresistance in liver cancer cells and protect vascular endothelial cells from oxidant-induced cell injury.130. This evidence concerns the gene ATG3 and liver cancer.