To better address the role of IL-1 in shigellosis, we crossed B6.Nlrc4–/– mice to B6.Il1r1–/– mice to generate B6.Nlrc4–/–Il1r1–/– double-deficient mice that are susceptible to Shigella infection but fail to respond to IL-1. The gene discussed is IL1R1; the disease is shigellosis.