MAPK3 and cervical carcinoma: These findings suggest that the ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and p38 pathways are involved upstream in the regulation of CLEFMA‐mediated apoptotic signalling through the extrinsic caspase‐8 pathway and intrinsic caspase‐9 pathway and in their downstream effect exerted through caspase‐3 in HeLa and SiHa cervical cancer cells.