IFIH1 and pneumothorax: Table 1 presents the results of univariate analysis of the clinical manifestations of the anti-Jo-1 Abs and anti-MDA5 Abs groups. The patients with anti-MDA5 Abs presented with more apparent cutaneous symptoms and aggressive pulmonary manifestations than did those with anti-Jo-1 Abs. Figure 1 presents the characteristics, namely, RP-ILD, fever, photosensitivity, cutaneous necrosis, periungual erythema, hoarseness, pneumothorax, respiratory failure, and comorbid diabetes mellitus, significantly associated with anti-MDA5 Abs positive.