PTGS2 and Fever: While previously strong induction of Cox-2 mRNA and Cox-2 protein consistently has been shown in brain endothelial cells during the later phases of fever [8,13,15], we here demonstrate that also during the first phase of fever Cox-2 mRNA is induced in the brain and Cox-2 protein expressed in brain endothelial cells, and that both phenomena at this early time-point are associated with increased levels of brain PGE2.