AFP and neoplasm: In efforts to expand the indications for HCC chiefly in the settings of LDLT, several high‐volume institutions in Japan have validated indices beyond the Milan criteria, which incorporated modified tumor burdens (Tokyo Criteria28, 29) and biological markers, including AFP, des‐gamma‐carboxy prothrombin (DCP) (Kyoto criteria,30 A–P criteria,31 and Kyushu criteria32).