Furthermore, the activation of AgRP neurons also reversed chronic stress-increased susceptibility to DSS-induced colitis, as demonstrated by its blocking effects on the CRS-induced loss of body weight, increased bleeding score, shortened colon length, higher histological scores, and increased expression of proinflammatory factors (Il6, Il1b, Il12, and Tgfb) (Fig. 1c–g, and Supplementary Fig. 2e). Here, TGFB1 is linked to congenital rubella syndrome.