Some studies have shown elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) and decreased anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in patients with IBS (Mitselou et al. 2020; Kumar et al. 2022), while others have shown no difference between patients with IBS and healthy controls (Kamp et al. 2021). The gene discussed is IL10; the disease is irritable bowel syndrome.