For the IPAH and control groups, the proportion of 22 immune cells in each sample is shown in Fig. 8D. Figure 8E shows that IPAH patients have higher levels of memory B-cells, CD8 T-cells, follicular helper T-cells, monocytes, and M1 and M2 macrophages and lower levels of plasma cells, memory resting CD4 T-cells, regulatory T-cells (Tregs), resting natural killer (NK) cells, NK cells, resting mast cells, and eosinophils. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension.