Overexpression and knockdown experiments showed that although M6PR regulated ESCC cell viability and cell migration (Supplementary Figure S5A-E), neither M6PR expression per se nor M6PR-enriched exosomes isolated from M6PR-expressing ESCC cells had pro-invasive effects on ESCC cells (Supplementary Figure S5F, G). The gene discussed is M6PR; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.