Gene expression analyses have revealed changes in cell cycle regulators (Kowalczyk et al., 2015), higher expression of myeloid signatures (Grover et al., 2016; Kowalczyk et al., 2015) and genes associated with leukemia (Rossi et al., 2005), stronger response to inflammatory stimuli (Martinez-Jimenez et al., 2017; Mann et al., 2018), and upregulation of pathways such as nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and downregulation of DNA repair (Chambers et al., 2007). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and leukemia.