A 4-week randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of fermented red ginseng (Panax ginseng) involving 42 patients with impaired fasting glucose or T2DM also showed significant decrease (p < 0.01) in postprandial glucose levels and increased postprandial insulin levels compared to the placebo group (Oh et al., 2014). This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus.