TGFB1 and neoplasm: Tumor microenvironments in solid tumors are rich in many cytokines, including IL-1, IL-6, IL-4, IL-8, granulocyte-CSF, MF inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1), and TGF-β, which can impair the anti-tumor immune responses and shield them from T-cell infiltration[59].