SERPINE1 and Sepsis: Kang S et al. performed clinical investigations of patients with sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, burns, and COVID-19 infection and demonstrated elevated levels of four cytokines: IL-6, IL-8, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and IL-10, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in serum [44].