IL1B and colitis: While IL-1β blockade reduced ICI colitis severity in mice, IL-6 inhibition improved tumor response to ICI and suppressed irAE symptoms in preclinical models, and is being pursued as an approach to alleviate irAEs in patients (Andrews et al., 2021; Dimitriou et al., 2021; Hailemichael et al., 2022; Kim et al., 2017; Uemura et al., 2016; Zhou et al., 2023).