Under serum-deprived conditions, LNCaP prostate cancer cells undergo neuronal transdifferentiation, demonstrated by the loss of prostate cancer cell markers, such as androgen receptor and prostate-specific antigen, and by the gain of neuronal traits, such as neurite extension and expression of neuronal gene signatures (Farach et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and prostate carcinoma.