ACE and metabolic syndrome: After adjusting for gender, age, heart rate, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), history of receiving angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)/β-blockers/statins, and smoking status, the risk of LVH and LVEDD enlargement was escalated by 2 and 4%, respectively, for every increase of 10 μmol/L in serum UA level (Table 3).