Further studies have shown that depletion of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6) (Schrader et al., 2007; Sturgis et al., 2009; Brands et al., 2010) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (Guzik et al., 2007; Zhang et al., 2014) ameliorates or prevents hypertension and related end-organ damage. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and hypertensive disorder.